Even stainless steel rusts. I have a 440C dive knife which is very rust resistant--but still will stain at the handle unless rinsed. When you are dealing with stainless that has been machined, bent, rolled? Usually the machine tools are carbon steel, and as they work the stainless part, grains of the carbon steel get embedded in the surface of the softer stainless steel. Those embedded grains WILL rust in fast order, unless the manufacturer spends extra money to "passivate" the stainless parts. That chemically etches out the carbon steel grains, usually with caustic acid that makes for EPA hazmat expenses.
So your buckles rusted, probably because the manufacturer cut some corners in order to keep the price down.
Stainless, incidentally, doesn't do well in stagnant "damp and salty" conditions. So a fresh water rinse and releasing the buckles could, yes, help deal with that.
If you look online, you can find passivating pastes and "cure" that rust yourself. Or find a local motorcycle shop, where they often deal with a local metal plating shop, who can also do the job. If you give them just the metal parts, and an easy schedule so they can throw it in a batch.
"Stain LESS" not "Won't Stain". AKA, bronze or titanium.(G)