I take 150-350 photographs per dive and it has never happened to me using PPS transmitters, Shearwater Perdix AI, and Oceanic Atom 3.0 The only time my dive computers have lost a signal is due to the positioning of the dive computers relative to the transmitter(s). My dive computers are mounted on my camera rig and so are always close to and sitting directly between the strobes.
It is worth noting that (at least for PPS transmitters) there is no connection as such between the transmitter and the dive computer and so nothing to be broken.
A standard PPS transmitter broadcasts the tank pressure every 5 seconds along with its ID. The dive computer listens for the broadcast of the ID(s) it has been told to listen to. When it receives the broadcast from the specified transmitter, it displays the tank pressure. There's a time out built into the dive computer so it goes into an error state if a broadcast is not received within a specified amount of time.
With my Perdix AI, if no signal is received for 30 seconds, it goes into a warning mode (flashes the last pressure received in yellow). After 90 seconds with no signal, it flashes red with no pressure reading. That basically means it missed receiving 5-6 broadcasts for the warning state and 17-18 to go into full error mode.
For the Atom 3.0 it is 20 and 60 seconds respectively, so 3-4 and 11-12 missed broadcasts.
So, while I very much doubt that a strobe firing is going to disrupt the broadcast from a PPS transmitter, if you were to somehow fire the strobe(s) at exactly the right time to disrupt the signal (unlikely to get the timing right) the dive computer would pick up the next broadcast. The chances of firing the strobes at exactly the right moment for 17-18 times is astronomical!