The "high" season in Phuket is from November to/into April. That is when the weather is driest, the sea flattest, the water bluest. But there is variation within that period, too. Last year we had significant rain until mid-December, and along with that some decidedly un-flat sea conditions. Then there is the influx of tourists over the year-end holidays for six to eight weeks; this is when dive boats are most crowded and prices (as well as availability) of accommodations is at a premium.
The "low" season is from April/May to November; this is when the winds come to whip up the waves (and bring rain) and trips to the Similans all but cease. Again there are variations within this period, and many people think March/April/May are the very best times to visit because of the lack of crowding at dive sites, mostly flat water, and lower prices for accommodations.