DCBC I see you are a NAUI course director. So is it true that as NAUI instructor I can invent an exercise because he thinks is relevant to diving in quarries for example and then if the student fails I can withold certification? That is staggering but maybe true?
I am not the person you asked, but as a NAUI instructor my answer is "it depends".
You cannot violate basic safety rules ... for example, I could not decide to take my students beyond recreational depths, or exceed no-decompression limits. I must uphold not only the requirements but also the limitations specified in the standards.
However, I can create exercises that I believe improve the safety and skills of my students in local conditions ... and make them mandatory for passing the course. And indeed I do.
We dive in what amounts to a fjord ... deep, cold, murky and current-swept. I require my AOW students to learn how to deploy a DSMB, because it's a skill that may someday prevent them from getting lost off a dive site. They must pass that skill in order to pass my AOW class. I require my students to practice air-sharing drills, and to demonstrate an air-share while holding their buoyancy ... and at a depth where narcosis may be a factor (70 to 100 fsw) ... because that's where the majority of OOA and LOA issues occur in Puget Sound. I require my students to practice navigation skills mid-water ... where there are no visible landmarks ... because low visibility is a common occurrance here and good navigation skills are necessary for a lot of the dives AOW-certified divers will want to do here ... besides, it's great buoyancy control practice. There are other skills I add to that class that are not mandated by standards ... gas management, for example. But they are targeted toward the reality of diving in Puget Sound. I make my students aware, up-front, that this is not your usual AOW class, and that there will be skills taught in this class that they won't have to deal with in someone else's AOW class.
And the fact of the matter is the class was so sought-after that I almost burned out teaching it. People don't view these exercises as onerous ... they WANT to learn them.
But I also rarely fail a student ... and only ever because they give up trying. Otherwise we just keep working at it until they meet the objectives of the class.
... Bob (Grateful Diver)