This morning in Egypt ...

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It makes me a bit uncomfortable that posts are discussing 'acceptable losses'.

To be clear: acceptable losses are 0. From a human standpoint anyways.

My most recent trip was with Allstar/ScubaScene last December and while we were on one of the 'fill in' boats (still a fairly nice boat) I did have a chance to talk with them a bit about their new boat which should be active in the near future. One thing of note in the design is that they put the dining area downstairs and the cabins on the main and second decks. I'm sure there's some commercial reasons for this as well (nice views) but it is a small movement towards rethinking boat design in the area for better safety and egress opportunities. There are still crew quarters downstairs but presumably the crew would have strong self interest in maintaining their own safety systems and exit paths. Having spoke at some length with their GM about the new boat (and the 'incident' with their original boat) it was nice to see they were actively thinking about how to do things better - informed by direct experience.

Prior to that was Royal Evolution which has been playing the 'safety by design' card for years assuming everything we saw was in working order (I have no reason to believe it wasn't).

Before that was Aggressor I, not long before it burned. The weaknesses on that trip certainly informed my future choices.

These discussions always seem to loop back to 'what did the crew do' which shouldn't even be in the conversation in a correctly designed boat. Safe emergency egress is something that is sorted at the design stage, not when the emergency is happening. So long as there are practical ways to improve escapability that are not being implemented the boat designers (I struggle to use the term 'naval architect' as that would imply professionalism) are not doing their jobs. It seems that electrical and engine room fires are a fact of life on boats in this type of usage - design alerting, suppression and egress accordingly.

I'll repeat: acceptable losses are 0.

It was the last day of diving. Some divers (3 out of 15), perhaps having early flight home on the next day, or had enough diving for the week, or whatever excuse they had, decided to sleep in. In the early part of the video, smokes already started to seep to the bow area, before fire began to flare over the stern dive deck area, it’s too late for crew to rescue those people in the bottom cabin. In the future, perhaps it’s good to have a full face mask with SCBA like fire fighters use to rescue people from burning building.

Last I was on Nautilus they were equipping their cabins with SCBA style escape kits escape hoods.
(Thanks redseadiver2 for the correction)

But, even if you are budget limited. I see fireproof ponchos on Amazon for a $100. Add to that a 3cuft SpareAir, bring your shoes to your cabin, and for <$500 you have drastically improved odds of successful escape. You only need to get 10m or so in most boats. Spread that cost over 30ish active weeks per year and you have a viable escape solution for $15/passenger even if you were to replace every year.

There are viable, affordable options.
If only boat operators and owners would 'do the right thing' and implement.
We, as customers, need to start demanding these completely reasonable minimum standards.

(I'm seeing 'brand name', refurbed SCBAs for under $1000)
 
It makes me a bit uncomfortable that posts are discussing 'acceptable losses'.

To be clear: acceptable losses are 0. From a human standpoint anyways.

My most recent trip was with Allstar/ScubaScene last December and while we were on one of the 'fill in' boats (still a fairly nice boat) I did have a chance to talk with them a bit about their new boat which should be active in the near future. One thing of note in the design is that they put the dining area downstairs and the cabins on the main and second decks. I'm sure there's some commercial reasons for this as well (nice views) but it is a small movement towards rethinking boat design in the area for better safety and egress opportunities. There are still crew quarters downstairs but presumably the crew would have strong self interest in maintaining their own safety systems and exit paths. Having spoke at some length with their GM about the new boat (and the 'incident' with their original boat) it was nice to see they were actively thinking about how to do things better - informed by direct experience.

Prior to that was Royal Evolution which has been playing the 'safety by design' card for years assuming everything we saw was in working order (I have no reason to believe it wasn't).

Before that was Aggressor I, not long before it burned. The weaknesses on that trip certainly informed my future choices.

These discussions always seem to loop back to 'what did the crew do' which shouldn't even be in the conversation in a correctly designed boat. Safe emergency egress is something that is sorted at the design stage, not when the emergency is happening. So long as there are practical ways to improve escapability that are not being implemented the boat designers (I struggle to use the term 'naval architect' as that would imply professionalism) are not doing their jobs. It seems that electrical and engine room fires are a fact of life on boats in this type of usage - design alerting, suppression and egress accordingly.

I'll repeat: acceptable losses are 0.



Last I was on Nautilus they were equipping their cabins with SCBA style escape kits.

But, even if you are budget limited. I see fireproof ponchos on Amazon for a $100. Add to that a 3cuft SpareAir, bring your shoes to your cabin, and for <$500 you have drastically improved odds of successful escape. You only need to get 10m or so in most boats. Spread that cost over 30ish active weeks per year and you have a viable escape solution for $15/passenger even if you were to replace every year.

There are viable, affordable options.
If only boat operators and owners would 'do the right thing' and implement.
We, as customers, need to start demanding these completely reasonable minimum standards.

(I'm seeing 'brand name', refurbed SCBAs for under $1000)
All boats have fires - even navy ships in peace time - even when they are docked. Fires on seagoing vessels are a far more common occurrence than people realise - small electrical fires, galley fires, oil fires in engine rooms.

An SCBA probably isn't the best option for escape from a fire - particularly if you have to go through an escape hatch - they require constant checks and training in their use. Far better is an escape hood - something like How to use the Dräger PARAT escape hood - hard pack - Product Video - only maintenance required is check that the hard case still has its tamper seal intact and replace the filter after eight years. Training is far simpler than using an SCBA too
 
All boats have fires - even navy ships in peace time - even when they are docked. Fires on seagoing vessels are a far more common occurrence than people realise - small electrical fires, galley fires, oil fires in engine rooms.

But that's my point - and I even say this above. Fires happen, boats sink... buildings burn down on land. What isn't acceptable is that on a relatively small dive boat where the exit path is no more than 10m that the industry hasn't implemented *on every single boat* a reliable way to detect a problem and start an alarm to make sure everyone is awake and moving towards that exit (or a redundant one) before fire spread makes it impossible.

It's at the point with these boat fires and other incidents that your first thought is 'who was sleeping in their cabins' because we all know that is where the deaths happen. It's happened over and over again. Yet we still have numerous boats with no way to communicate with the cabins other than a person running down and knocking on the door. This is ridiculous.

An SCBA probably isn't the best option for escape from a fire - particularly if you have to go through an escape hatch - they require constant checks and training in their use. Far better is an escape hood - something like How to use the Dräger PARAT escape hood - hard pack - Product Video - only maintenance required is check that the hard case still has its tamper seal intact and replace the filter after eight years. Training is far simpler than using an SCBA too

Escape Hood - thanks, that was the term I was looking for. And yes - what Nautilus has is escape hoods albeit with an air supply judging by the weight (i didn't open it up).

And the Drager ones you link to are dirt cheap. $400 for 8 years of service. That's less than $2 per passenger trip. Why are these not on every boat?

Edit: Pretty sure these are the ones Nautilus has https://www.draeger.com/Products/Content/saver-cf-n-niosh-pi-9045402-en-us.pdf which is in between.

But really - anything that provides 20-30 seconds of heat protection, vision and air would be massively beneficial here - even if hacked together from what's available. I've certainly considered taking my pony and spare mask to my cabin - and my shoes always live beside my bed. I shouldn't have to be worrying about that. There seems to be completely affordable solutions from safety equipment manufacturers - absolutely no excuse not to have one in every cabin that lacks direct access to the outside.
 
And before anyone in the U.S. points fingers at the Red Sea - remember stones, glasshouses - and the MV Conception.
After the Conception fire, the Coast Guard issued additional safety rules for live aboard dive boats operating in US waters. But older boats built before 1996 still aren't required to install fixed fire suppression systems in the engine room; only portable extinguishers are required. Prospective passengers might want to check how old the boat is, and ask the boat operator whether they meet the Coast Guard minimum or have additional fixed fire suppression systems.


 
I'll repeat: acceptable losses are 0.
In the real world, losses are 100% (everybody dies), and 100% of those losses could have been delayed with different decisions or further expenditure of resources.

If I have $1M I can spend it extending the life of a rich CEO by 5 min after his heart attack, or I can vaccinate 1M children in a 3rd world country and extend many of their lives by decades. What I can't do is both.

Setting acceptable losses to 0 just allows you to ignore the resource miss-allocation problem, which actually makes total losses higher.
 
I think Emperor Fraser is missing from the list. It sank in 2009 I believe.
Correct. The Emperor Fraser sank in 2009 with no loss of life.

 
...Not complete, I know Heaven one sank in 2003 and Heaven Diamond sank in 2008, both burned iirc, without fatality. Heavens fleet back in the day was relatively upscale, German run business with German owners as well as guides. I can attest that it was run to very high standards, yes, they also lost their boats...

There are more incidents, they just do their best to hide them. MV Whirlwind from the same fleet ran aground and started taking on water in August 2019. I was actually on Whirlwind when a diver was lost in November 2021. It broke down at the beginning of the trip, then stank of fuel in the cabins for the duration.
When it ran aground the crew seemed more interested in covering the boats name up with bed sheets (shown in photos online) to avoid bad publicity? After the diver was lost we were asked to not post anything on social media.
It's all about keeping the bad news stifled as much as possible...

I think Emperor Fraser is missing from the list. It sank in 2009 I believe...
Thanks for the additional information.

I was not able to find Heaven One or Heaven Diamond in my search but found both previously referenced by you, @Ucarkus in 2019. Do you have any primary sources?
Edit: @Nick_Radov beat me to this one while I was typing :)

I was able to find information on the Whirlwind and on the Emperor Fraser. The Fraser was written up on SB

I appreciate the extra information on Red Sea liveaboard accidents and will update my spreadsheet soon.
 
In the real world, losses are 100% (everybody dies), and 100% of those losses could have been delayed with different decisions or further expenditure of resources.

If I have $1M I can spend it extending the life of a rich CEO by 5 min after his heart attack, or I can vaccinate 1M children in a 3rd world country and extend many of their lives by decades. What I can't do is both.

Setting acceptable losses to 0 just allows you to ignore the resource miss-allocation problem, which actually makes total losses higher.
I'm referring to *targets* as well the closed system of passengers on dive boats.
The *target* must always be zero.

Spending an extra $10 per passenger on safety (and charging them accordingly) is not a resource misallocation, particularly on an already identified and easily addressed problem.
 
Thanks for the additional information.

I was not able to find Heaven One or Heaven Diamond in my search but found both previously referenced by you, @Ucarkus in 2019. Do you have any primary sources?
I had colleagues who worked for that company, so you can rely on the data :).
 
https://www.shearwater.com/products/swift/

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