I try to tell every diver that I'm with about "proper" breathing for scuba diving. Slow and deep- but just like the OP has asked; How slow is slow? And how deep is deep?
Relaxation is key to diving, correct weighting is very important but breathing control is paramount. As an instructor and guide I purposely dive overweighted by a couple of kg or so and for me it's not such a big deal to have an extra litre or 2 in the BCD to compensate- but when diving against current I have to be very focussed on trim and efficient kicking.
Back to breathing. Your first 50 bar disappear in a flash for a number or reasons.
One is temperature of the water if you are diving in the tropics. A tank filled to 200bar in 32 degree air temp, will lose a bit when immersed in 28 degree water.
Secondly most divers are not as relaxed as they should be when entering the water. Maybe it's the added effort of getting in to equipment, maybe a surface swim- maybe it's the divemaster revving people up. If possible calm your mind in that period after gearing up and before hitting the water. Once in the water (if you have time) take a few deep breaths of free air, then replace the reg and start your descent. Know the steps of a good descent in control, inflating as you go down to control your speed and prevent problems with equalisation.
When possible I stop a few metres underwater for a minute or so for people to sort themselves out and adjust. In that minute concentrate on slowing your breathing, get your balance, turn on camera if you have one etc. before heading to depth. This is possible on many tropical reefs but not very practical in current or diving on wrecks etc. If you have the chance- do it.
At depth try to minimise your movements- focus on efficient kicking using the full stroke of your fins. Like using a hand-saw to cut wood, a full draw of the saw is more efficient than rapid strokes which will quickly tire you.
For breathing a good 4 seconds to breathe in and breathe out. Most people are able to extend their inhalation much longer than their exhalation. The inhalation is also important. If you double the time it takes for you to draw a full breath- you've already added a quatre of air to your tank. Double both inhalation and exhalation and you've doubled your air supply.
Imagine sucking air through a straw- imagine sipping a hot drink. It takes some practise but you can practise anywhere at any time. It may sound a bit weird to your partner but in bed as you're getting ready to go to sleep is the best time. Underwater you want your body to be as relaxed as when you're about to sleep.
Concentrate on slowing down your breathing in the first few minutes of the dive and you'll add an extra 10mins at the end. Creating a good "rythmn" of breathing will increase it more. Slowing down your movements and increasing your efficiency will do more still and pretty soon you'll be surfacing with a solid third of your gas from pretty much any recreational dive in good conditions.