Diving incident at Eagles Nest Sink

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Ok here's the report originally posted by Charlie Roberson on CDF:

"Cave diving has a long history of accident analysis, which can be healthy and productive. Unfortunately, modern forms of communication and the twenty-four hour news cycle have trained us to expect up-to-the-minute reporting and rapid release of information. This is a reality of the modern world and without facts people are left to speculation and misinformation. The following statement of facts has been reviewed by those involved in the search and recovery efforts. That being said, there may be errors; however, these are the relevant facts as we know them.

STATEMENT OF FACTS

1. Chris Rittenmeyer and Patrick Peacock started a dive at Eagle's Nest around 2:00 p.m. on Saturday, October 15, 2016. They were on JJ-CCRs with 95cf sidemount bailouts. Each diver had a scooter and an AL80 safety. They also towed a backup scooter. They had placed all their deco safeties in the cave the day before.
2. Chris and Patrick were both fully trained as Full Cave, Trimix, CCR, and DPV divers. Both divers had years of ocean and cave diving experience.
3. When the divers failed to return to deco at the anticipated time, their surface support buddy checked every 30 minutes until they were several hours overdue. Their buddy called Cave Country Dive Shop around 6:00 p.m. and spoke to Jon Bernot, who immediately loaded his vehicle and started driving to Eagle's Nest. While enroute, Jon called around and activated a response team of qualified and available cave divers.
4. Search Team 1, of Jon Bernot and Charlie Roberson, got underway around 11:00 p.m. to search the upstream passage, which was the dive plan according to the buddy. Team 1 checked the habitat and spotted three O2 bottles at 20 ffw, four 50% at 70 ffw, and two 120 bottles on the top of the mound, all of which were untouched. Team 1 noticed that the 120 bottles were on the downstream side of the line but decided to go ahead and check the upstream since that was believed to be the dive plan. Team 1 scoured the entire upstream all the way to the far reaches of the Green Room, King's Challenge, and all the large passage and rooms. When Team I failed to find anything upstream, they proceeded to check the Lockwood tunnel to no avail. Team 1 surfaced around 3:30 a.m.
5. Search Team 2, of Ted McCoy and AJ Gonzales, got underway around 3:45 a.m. and headed downstream. They immediately found the two bodies on the exit side of the Pit in approximately 220-230 ffw. Team 2 fully documented the scene and took detailed notes for about 45 minutes before exiting.
6. Diver 1 was wearing his CCR but his bailouts were not in place. One empty 95 bailout was beside him and attached to his rig via a QC6 and the long hose was deployed. His loop was open and out of his mouth. The inhale side of the loop was crushed. He had 300 psi of O2 but no onboard diluent remaining. He did have a 13cf inflation bottle with gas remaining. He had no primary light head and his backup lights were not deployed. There was a single scooter near Diver 1 but it was unclipped and turned off.
7. Diver 2 was only wearing a drysuit, mask and fins and was positively buoyant. He had a backup light clipped off and dangling out of his pocket. No other bottles were nearby.
8. A full AL80 safety was located just on the exit side of the Pit restriction in 270 ffw but was not easily seen on the way out. The primary light head with e/o cord was also located on the exit side of the Pit restriction. Their other full AL80 safety was located beside another team’s full safety just downstream of the jump to the Lockwood tunnel.
9. Two 95 bailouts were located just on the far side of the Pit. Both were empty.
10. Recovery Team 1 brought both bodies to the top of the Ballroom and Recovery Team 2 brought both bodies to the surface on Sunday afternoon.
11. Diver 2's CCR, a 95 bailout, and two scooters were located on Monday morning just outside the restriction to Revelation Space in the Room of Dreams. The CCR loop was closed and appeared to be fully operational. The 95 bailout was full. Diver 2 had video lights for a GoPro plugged into his canister light.
12. The gear recovery team of Jon Bernot and James Draker removed all the gear from the cave and turned it over to law enforcement on Monday, October 17, 2016.

The nature of accident analysis is that it's critical of those involved. However, friends, family, and those involved in the recovery have many raw emotions regarding this loss. I ask that you keep this in mind as you proceed with a thorough and professional accident analysis.

Safe diving,
Charlie Roberson"
 
Ok here's the report originally posted by Charlie Roberson on CDF:

"Cave diving has a long history of accident analysis, which can be healthy and productive. Unfortunately, modern forms of communication and the twenty-four hour news cycle have trained us to expect up-to-the-minute reporting and rapid release of information. This is a reality of the modern world and without facts people are left to speculation and misinformation. The following statement of facts has been reviewed by those involved in the search and recovery efforts. That being said, there may be errors; however, these are the relevant facts as we know them.

STATEMENT OF FACTS

1. Chris Rittenmeyer and Patrick Peacock started a dive at Eagle's Nest around 2:00 p.m. on Saturday, October 15, 2016. They were on JJ-CCRs with 95cf sidemount bailouts. Each diver had a scooter and an AL80 safety. They also towed a backup scooter. They had placed all their deco safeties in the cave the day before.
2. Chris and Patrick were both fully trained as Full Cave, Trimix, CCR, and DPV divers. Both divers had years of ocean and cave diving experience.
3. When the divers failed to return to deco at the anticipated time, their surface support buddy checked every 30 minutes until they were several hours overdue. Their buddy called Cave Country Dive Shop around 6:00 p.m. and spoke to Jon Bernot, who immediately loaded his vehicle and started driving to Eagle's Nest. While enroute, Jon called around and activated a response team of qualified and available cave divers.
4. Search Team 1, of Jon Bernot and Charlie Roberson, got underway around 11:00 p.m. to search the upstream passage, which was the dive plan according to the buddy. Team 1 checked the habitat and spotted three O2 bottles at 20 ffw, four 50% at 70 ffw, and two 120 bottles on the top of the mound, all of which were untouched. Team 1 noticed that the 120 bottles were on the downstream side of the line but decided to go ahead and check the upstream since that was believed to be the dive plan. Team 1 scoured the entire upstream all the way to the far reaches of the Green Room, King's Challenge, and all the large passage and rooms. When Team I failed to find anything upstream, they proceeded to check the Lockwood tunnel to no avail. Team 1 surfaced around 3:30 a.m.
5. Search Team 2, of Ted McCoy and AJ Gonzales, got underway around 3:45 a.m. and headed downstream. They immediately found the two bodies on the exit side of the Pit in approximately 220-230 ffw. Team 2 fully documented the scene and took detailed notes for about 45 minutes before exiting.
6. Diver 1 was wearing his CCR but his bailouts were not in place. One empty 95 bailout was beside him and attached to his rig via a QC6 and the long hose was deployed. His loop was open and out of his mouth. The inhale side of the loop was crushed. He had 300 psi of O2 but no onboard diluent remaining. He did have a 13cf inflation bottle with gas remaining. He had no primary light head and his backup lights were not deployed. There was a single scooter near Diver 1 but it was unclipped and turned off.
7. Diver 2 was only wearing a drysuit, mask and fins and was positively buoyant. He had a backup light clipped off and dangling out of his pocket. No other bottles were nearby.
8. A full AL80 safety was located just on the exit side of the Pit restriction in 270 ffw but was not easily seen on the way out. The primary light head with e/o cord was also located on the exit side of the Pit restriction. Their other full AL80 safety was located beside another team’s full safety just downstream of the jump to the Lockwood tunnel.
9. Two 95 bailouts were located just on the far side of the Pit. Both were empty.
10. Recovery Team 1 brought both bodies to the top of the Ballroom and Recovery Team 2 brought both bodies to the surface on Sunday afternoon.
11. Diver 2's CCR, a 95 bailout, and two scooters were located on Monday morning just outside the restriction to Revelation Space in the Room of Dreams. The CCR loop was closed and appeared to be fully operational. The 95 bailout was full. Diver 2 had video lights for a GoPro plugged into his canister light.
12. The gear recovery team of Jon Bernot and James Draker removed all the gear from the cave and turned it over to law enforcement on Monday, October 17, 2016.

The nature of accident analysis is that it's critical of those involved. However, friends, family, and those involved in the recovery have many raw emotions regarding this loss. I ask that you keep this in mind as you proceed with a thorough and professional accident analysis.

Safe diving,
Charlie Roberson"
This map helps illustrate the above account:
EAGLE'S NEST - Association of Underwater Explorers

Was there any indication of Safety Spool deployment in a Lostline Contingency?
 
Thanks for the detailed information. For someone who does not know cave diving or rebreathers, the information is impossible to assemble into an idea of what happened.

Can somebody tell me what the relevance of no diluent is? Is it safe to assume that the guy with no gear was the one who got in trouble and they were trying to get out working together, or is the ditching of the gear indicative of a panicked response? They were planning to dive upstream, but went downstream instead and ended up close to the exit? Are the pre-positioned safeties still usable if you dive downstream instead up upstream as planned? I'm sure where they were found provides a a ton of contextual clues, but it mean nothing to me. Can someone put some of this basic, factual information in perspective?

I'm sure the information allows some (knowledgeable) people to formulate a scenario or two that are plausible,

I have the utmost respect for the recovery team and can understand how they may not wish to "talk", but can we get a layman's explanation of the facts?
 
Thanks for the detailed information. For someone who does not know cave diving or rebreathers, the information is impossible to assemble into an idea of what happened.

This type diving is beyond my experience and I also cannot make sense of anything presented. Looking at the cross section of that complex, if they were at the Pit does that mean that they were below 200 feet for a while and as deep as about 290 feet to get there?

What sort of gas mixture were they breathing at those depths?
 
What sort of gas mixture were they breathing at those depths?
They would have been on some type of trimix, which is helium, nitrogen and oxygen. They would likely have a lot of helium, some nitrogen and some fairly low amount of oxygen, but that's a guess based on the needed maximum operating depth (MOD) for this cave.
 
It sounds like one of the divers believed they could not get past the restriction so he took off his rebreather. The other diver was able to make it through with his CCR. Both divers then attempted to exit with one diver breathing off an LP95.

There was some delay (possibly the lack of a rebreather made the diver buoyant and he had a difficult time staying off the ceiling). The delay, the depth, and the added stress caused both LP95s to be exhausted and in the process draining the other rebreather divers dil.

I wonder why they didn't scooter? Maybe combination silt out, buoyant buddy, restrictions?

Either way, it looks like both divers stuck together to the very end. And it would appear the leaving of the full 95 behind was a costly mistake.

There is obviously a bunch of speculation in this post, but the situation does remind me of a fundamental fact......Slow is smooth, and smooth is fast.

Stop, calm down, assess your situation, and develop a plan
 
Thanks for the detailed information. For someone who does not know cave diving or rebreathers, the information is impossible to assemble into an idea of what happened.

Can somebody tell me what the relevance of no diluent is? Is it safe to assume that the guy with no gear was the one who got in trouble and they were trying to get out working together, or is the ditching of the gear indicative of a panicked response? They were planning to dive upstream, but went downstream instead and ended up close to the exit? Are the pre-positioned safeties still usable if you dive downstream instead up upstream as planned? I'm sure where they were found provides a a ton of contextual clues, but it mean nothing to me. Can someone put some of this basic, factual information in perspective?

I'm sure the information allows some (knowledgeable) people to formulate a scenario or two that are plausible,

I have the utmost respect for the recovery team and can understand how they may not wish to "talk", but can we get a layman's explanation of the facts?

1. It is only the 3rd divers word that they planned on diving upstream. All bottles were positioned for a down stream dive.

2. No dil means the diver can't dilute the pure O2 for his loop volume; It means he is breathing pure O2 at 200+ feet.

3. Ditching gear means panic? Possibly. Seeing claw marks or other signs might point to the degree of panic if there was any. The diver could have honestly believed he could't get through the restriction and removed his gear by choice. Given how everything was removed, and both divers were found so far away from the restriction. Diver obviously had an accelerated breathing rate, but doesn't point to full blown panic in my mind.
 
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