That todays instructors are terrible compared to back in the day: I imagine people that say this really mean: “Most of today’s instructors I have met are terrible compared to
my instructor”. IMHO, this is a human nature thing. We are less critical of people we have developed relationships with. My parents said the same thing about their K-12 teachers.
Maybe, but quite a few mean today's instructors are terrible.
That today's scuba training is terrible compared to back in the day: What they are really saying is the abbreviated schedule for basic diver training is terrible compared to classes that were 3-5 times longer. I have yet to meet an instructor that couldn’t produce better divers with more time (and money). That is like reducing a Bachelor’s program to one year. I don’t care how much curriculums, training aids, and techniques have improved, it doesn’t fully compensate.
Maybe, but quite a few mean the training itself is terrible.
That weights need to be ditchable in emergencies. That is wrong… for saturation divers. I have yet to hear an intelligent reason why that is not a valid safety option for all other divers, recreational through surface-supplied. Granted, a belt that is accidently lost can also be a hazard.
Sorry I didn't clarify - by ditchable I mean ripcords or the quick-release snap type on BCD's, not standard weight belts.
That you can't spend 8 hours in 80-degree water without becoming hypothermic. This is an issue of interpretation. Age, gender, body mass, health, and exposure protection all factor in. Pre-WWII studies of shipwreck survivors indicated that this was true for some survivors, but didn’t differentiate between morbidity or low core temperatures of more vulnerable passengers and those in their prime. The US Navy did laboratory immersion studies on young healthy males and found the numbers to be higher, but did measure drops in core temperature in that time-frame.
It depends on how you define “becoming hypothermic” — Mild hyperthermia is usually defined when the body temperature drops to 32–35° C/90–95° F. A 3-4° F drop in core temperature is not especially dangerous for most people healthy enough to dive, but it meets the definition.
New divers are told they need far more exposure protection than is necessary, IMO. This may have something to do with wetsuit and drysuit sales.
I will leave others to comment on others in your list.