cool_hardware52
Contributor
Alec Peirce did a great video on that back in the day about how they would weight themselves for certain depths and use rocks and what not to help them make the initial descent, then pick them back up as they were coming back up. Can't remember which vintage scuba video it was, but it's in there somewhere
Variable ballast, drop weights etc. (rocks etc, which BTW make crappy ballast, most rocks are less dense than aluminum) is one approach. The reality is the early days of scuba was an extension of skin diving. Small volume tanks, (re purposed fire bottles etc.) meant very small swings in gas mass, and there simply was not a lot of hovering. Skin divers, particularly those hunting, tend to be mission driven and aren't sight seeing.
If you don't need to hover much BC's become less important.
In all fairness today larger volume tanks and changes in practices, hovering, staying off the reef, etc. does make a BC damn handy, but the lift capacities offered and used can get ridiculous quickly.
Tobin