Having now been involved in helping to teach classes for four years, I am repeatedly astonished at how difficult people find it to learn the basic concepts, and then to connect the theory with what they are actually DOING in the water. I've had students turn around on the 5th or 6th pool session and ask me, "I put air INTO my BC when I descend, and let it out when I go up, right?" This in spite of the fact that Peter almost boils the entire classroom work down to Knowledge Review 1, Question 5 (the pressure/volume matrix), and refers to that concept over and over again, both in lecturing and in asking questions, and in reviewing the quizzes and exam.
I think that, for a lot of people, abstract concept learning was always difficult and still is. For those of us who find that kind of thing easy, the confusion of students can be hard to understand at all, and can be very frustrating. In addition, when it comes to the physical acts of handling gear and diving, rapid-paced classes don't permit enough repetition for some people to feel solid with what they are doing; before they've completely locked something down in their head, they're on to something completely different, and the first concept or skill goes skittering off. A lot of people seem to need to learn slowly, and do not do well when asked to multi-task with new ideas and procedures. Classes given on the usual several-days-and-you're-done schedule don't permit enough time to cement things.
This is going to sound rather elitist, but scuba is a pretty democratic sport. It isn't dirt cheap, but it isn't horribly expensive -- people from students to mechanics to systems analysts can and do take the sport up. Some of those people have the jobs they do because school wasn't a great place for them, but they found somewhere where their particular strengths were useful. Those people can have a great deal of trouble with "book learning", as can adult learners who haven't taken any sort of class in many years.