MikeFerrara once bubbled...
MHK, could you explain this statement/question? BRW says it's a concern when switching from a heavy to a light gas.
I'm not sure what you mean by BRW.. Generally speaking the concept of isobaric counter diffusion as discussed by Karl Shreeves of PADI is that when you switch gases, through, isobaric counter diffusion, bubbles appear even though you may not be changing depths. That's a very brief overview of Karl's position, see April 2001 Skin Diver article from Karl Shreeves entitled Trouble with Trimix, amongst many other articles he's written on the subject. So in short PADI believes that when you switch from a helium based mix to an elevated oxygen level mix through isobaric counter diffusion you increase bubble formation.. Atleast that is what they believed two years ago before they had a trimix class, I don't know what they will think when they release the Trimix class.
But if you read the Cowley, Allegra & Lambertsen study of 1979 and the Kang 1992 and review the Dueker 1979 study you'll see that the isobaric counter diffusion issue is a red-herring.
Specifically the study provided in both vivo and vitro that the Pmax was 48 +/- 10. This represents the standard deviation an the mean time to reach Pmax in minutes. However what is VERY VERY important to note, that in this study the used Nitrus Oxide. Nitros Oxide is approximately 20 times more soluble than nitrogen and substantially more soluble than Helium.. In other words isobaric counter diffusion would onset 20 times faster, assuming it's anyting to worry about. In the study the difference in the solubility coeffecients [ in other words when ISO "kicks in"] wasn't reached for 1500 minutes..
So in short, if you spent 1500 minutes on Nitus Oxide and then switched to a different mix this mythical "bubble concern" kicks in.. Now no recreational diver doing a 165' air dive is going to spend 1500 minutes on a gas 20 times more soluble then N2, which then begs the question, how the hell cares about isobaric counter diffusion???
My original set of questions that I posted has been ignored by PADI for years. I'm seriously not trying to bash PADI here, but as an instructor when I look at a program one of the first questions I ask about the content is " does it teach you what it purports to teach" In the case of the deep air program, there is fundamental physiological questions that need to be asked. If you are going to *certify* a diver as a deep air diver then it seems to me that the program needs to reconcile several long standing PADI positions that they have pioneered for years. Several years ago Drew Richardson, VP of PADI Training wrote an editorial in PADI's own Journal entitled the Danger's of Deep Air Diving and then went into great detail about why deep air diving was dangerous, and encouraged every PADI member to be vocal and speak out against any agency that was promoting deep air because in his view, there simply was no way to do it safely. Fast forward a few years, PADI now offer's the class and not a word is mentioned in terms of what has changed.. So in my mind before the program has a shred of credibility some simple and basic questions should be answered by the agency, and to date they refuse to address the issue.
Two years ago PADI was saying how dangerous Trimix was. At the time I predicated that they would sooner or later reverse courses and then, once again, divorce themselves from their previous positions. They have now announced they will be offering Trimix, but once again refuses to reconcile their positions.. To me the idea behind a program isn't pretty books and slick looking video's.. It's does the course teach you what you need to know, and I've asked some basic questions about deep air diving, and no one can answer them, so my answer is that the class probably doesn't teach you what you need to know..
Just my thoughts..