Solo diver course

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Tank valve breathing
BC breathing

Trace, how do you get around the medical risks of BC breathing (LPI breathing?)? Also, isn''t tank valve breathing a 'little bit' fraught with liability? The potential for lung-injury is substantial if incorrect technique is used..

I've always shied away from teaching these. In theory, yes. Practical... not so sure...
 
Those skills were part of the course curriculum that I designed which was approved by both the attorney who was a diver and the insurer for the agency. Our corporate attorney had learned to dive back in the day and was familiar with those skills. When I first learned to dive, tank valve breathing was part of the course so the correct technique was taught to open water divers. I wanted it included in the solo program because I saw the solo program as a way of teaching old-fashioned open water program skills that are being forgotten. As you and I know, skills aren't just procedural, but some skills are confidence-builders even after technology provides a better option. As far as BC breathing goes, the skill was taught with the low pressure inflator by holding both buttons simultaneously. We didn't use the bladder as a gas supply so the amount of time spent training and the amount of air that would come from the bag rather than the LP inflator probably made that skill no riskier than orally inflating a BC. Keep in mind students often accidentally inhale air escaping from the bladder during oral inflation training - which can be fatal in itself, at least for one British diver. According to Undercurrent that one case was the only fatality ever reported.

Here is an article about that:

Emergency Breathing from Your BCD: Undercurrent 06/2011
 
For those who have done the solo course, I'd be interested to hear what aspects you found most useful and why?

A knowledgable and experienced instructor willing to share his/her insights and tips. Can't get that from a manual or independent study.
 

This is excellent, for me at least, as I did a panicked "no reg in your mouth" CESA in OW, and I remember going through my options and one was to breath off my inflator. I didn't do it and probably couldn't have worked it out at that point, but to know more about it now is very helpful to me. That said, this is the number one reason why I dive an Air3, and I bought it immediately after my "scare". Needless to say, I'm a die-hard believer in integrated inflators - but any significant emotional experience will tend to do that to you.
 
What's a "TecRec Diver""?!?! Qual in any TecRec course? Intro-to-Tech?
Great question, and I have no clue. I copied the text straight from the Self-Reliant Diver Instructor Guide and, I confess' didn't read that line carefully.

The guide cam out before Peter got approval for his TecReational Diver specialty, so I doubt it refers to that. I presumed it meant either SRD certified, or Tec certified.
 
Great question, and I have no clue. I copied the text straight from the Self-Reliant Diver Instructor Guide and, I confess' didn't read that line carefully.

The guide cam out before Peter got approval for his TecReational Diver specialty, so I doubt it refers to that. I presumed it meant either SRD certified, or Tec certified.

Swing over to this thread where the discussion on this is raging http://www.scubaboard.com/forums/ad...d-but-not-really-technical-3.html#post7006069
 
Those skills were part of the course curriculum that I designed which was approved by both the attorney who was a diver and the insurer for the agency. Our corporate attorney had learned to dive back in the day and was familiar with those skills. When I first learned to dive, tank valve breathing was part of the course so the correct technique was taught to open water divers. I wanted it included in the solo program because I saw the solo program as a way of teaching old-fashioned open water program skills that are being forgotten. As you and I know, skills aren't just procedural, but some skills are confidence-builders even after technology provides a better option. As far as BC breathing goes, the skill was taught with the low pressure inflator by holding both buttons simultaneously. We didn't use the bladder as a gas supply so the amount of time spent training and the amount of air that would come from the bag rather than the LP inflator probably made that skill no riskier than orally inflating a BC. Keep in mind students often accidentally inhale air escaping from the bladder during oral inflation training - which can be fatal in itself, at least for one British diver. According to Undercurrent that one case was the only fatality ever reported.

Thanks Trace. That's a thought-provoking reply.

I'm interested in valve-breathing from a sidemount perspective (methods of accessing gas from a shut-down cylinder with failed reg). We teach valve-feathering to breath the free-flow regulator, then reg-exchange (swap regs on cylinders). When doing the reg exchange, it'd be very valid to have valve-breathing as a last resort if the exchange was 'fumbled' and you weren't supported with air-share (or solo).

I see where you're coming from with the 'BCD breathing'... so it's actually more an 'LPI breathing' skill - presuming an ample air-supply but failed regulator second-stage/s? I'm not sure what circumstances this would be envisioned for? Assuming the diver had 2 second stages - it's unlikely both would fail. Then you'd have 'freeflow breathing'. If you shut down the free-flow, or the first-stage was kapput you'd have no air supply to the LPI anyway... Nonetheless, a good generic skill for improving diver problem-solving and stress-management under air-supply disruption...
 
Thanks Trace. That's a thought-provoking reply.

I'm interested in valve-breathing from a sidemount perspective (methods of accessing gas from a shut-down cylinder with failed reg). We teach valve-feathering to breath the free-flow regulator, then reg-exchange (swap regs on cylinders). When doing the reg exchange, it'd be very valid to have valve-breathing as a last resort if the exchange was 'fumbled' and you weren't supported with air-share (or solo).

I see where you're coming from with the 'BCD breathing'... so it's actually more an 'LPI breathing' skill - presuming an ample air-supply but failed regulator second-stage/s? I'm not sure what circumstances this would be envisioned for? Assuming the diver had 2 second stages - it's unlikely both would fail. Then you'd have 'freeflow breathing'. If you shut down the free-flow, or the first-stage was kapput you'd have no air supply to the LPI anyway... Nonetheless, a good generic skill for improving diver problem-solving and stress-management under air-supply disruption...

The main advantage to breathing from the LP inflator through the BC oral inflator mouthpiece is the ability to pass both primary and back-up regs to a buddy team in which both divers are low on gas or OOG while you breathe from "the third reg."

For those of us who dive solo in overhead, we should be able to use any breathable air or gas source. For this reason tank valve breathing and BC breathing are just mountain man survival skills that give you options and help you rethink your resources. The difference between actually breathing the BC and the LP inflator feeding it is not pushing or pushing the LP button.

I feather the valve in tank valve breathing. It's nice to practice the skill while swimming, changing depths, practicing as if decompressing, etc. This way you know that if absolute worse comes to worse you can breathe from the valve. Just knowing that can empower you.
 
I started the solo diving course today. It started off with a two hour review session of the major topics raised in the course book. Two solo divers were doing the course with three divers doing a side mount course. Apparently there is some overlap in the courses.

We didn't go into a lot of detail on the topics covered in the book like gas planning and there was little time at this stage for detailed discussion on any of the topics. I did raise the question of solo diving in overhead environments.

After the review we got our gear and spent time setting it up in a suitable configuration. I have used a 2.7 L pony for the IGS (independent gas supply). In the past I've strapped it to the right side of the primary tank with the valve at the top of the tank and the pony regulator routed under my right arm and secured to a quick release clip on the bottom left side of my BCD.

The instructor suggested changing this so that I could isolate the pony in the event of a IGS regulator free flow. In the configuration I described previously I couldn't reach the pony isolation valve. Frankly, if this occurred I'd abort the dive but it seemed like a worthwhile idea. I changed the configuration so that the pony was again strapped to the right side of the primary tank but with the valve now at the bottom of the tank. This allowed me to reach back and isolate the valve.

The redundant air hose was now routed up the right side of my back and under the octopus hose then and over my right shoulder. I moved the quick release clip from the bottom left of the BCD to the top D ring at my right shoulder. The hose went through this clip and the IGS regulator attached to a necklace so that it was now sitting just under my mouth. This arrangement was neat and streamlined and made changing to the IGS regulator quick and easy.

I've also retained the octopus in case I want to dispense with the IGS while diving with a buddy. The instructor was careful to ensure that if a buddy accidentally grabbed the IGS regulator, the regulator and hose could be quickly released from their position for convenient use by the buddy.

A couple of tips when using this arrangement. Firstly, your normal primary regulator hose length is not adequate if used for the IGS regulator hose with a pony mounted on you main tank. I previously found this to be the case and the other solo diver found the same thing today. You need to use a hose the length of the octopus. Secondly, while my redundant air regulator is black, the hose is yellow. This probably isn't a good colour because a buddy could easily confuse it with the octopus. In the end it didn't matter because I set it up so that a buddy can use either. I understand black is the recommended colour for your IGS hose and regulator.

After getting the gear set up correctly it was off to the pool. First thing was to swim 200 m with all our gear on. This was no problem in the pool. A bit harder when you are finning against current in the ocean.

Then we were asked to practise drills like removing and reinstating our mask, changing over regulators and disconnecting and reconnecting our BCD hose. The instructor was apologetic that he couldn't spend much time supervising us at this stage. He had to spend a lot of time with the side mount guys setting up their rigs. No problem. We're solo divers! We spent the next hour or so practising various combinations of the drills. This one was interesting. Remove the mask, then change over the air supply after disconnecting your BCD hose. Get it all back together. I never took my spare mask but this is also part of the training which I'll do tomorrow. You need to be able to remove the mask, take the spare mask out of your BCD pocket or wherever and then put on the spare mask while holding buoyancy. I also tried removing my BCD but found that a bit more challenging with all the various hoses. Might be a good one for a solo diver to get used to though. Our instructor was observing from afar. No problems.

We were told you need to be able to deploy an SMB as a solo diver. Never use one before. I bought one today with a finger reel and a pressure relief valve. You need to be able to send the bag up from the bottom and then wind your way up to the surface with a reel or finger reel. We'll be doing that drill tomorrow. Getting lost at sea while diving from a boat is more of a risk for solo divers so this is considered important. Ideally get one that seals off so it doesn't deflate if it gets blown over on the surface. It needs a pressure relief valve. It can also help if you lose your BCD buoyancy and don't have a dry suit.

We're off to do a couple of boat dives tomorrow. Conditions will be rough. We've been warned out air will be turned off at some stage when we're not expecting it and we have to demonstrate our navigation skills. I'll also give the SMB a try and do the mask swap over drills. Will let you know how things go tomorrow.

---------- Post added February 1st, 2014 at 09:49 AM ----------

Another point about the pony bottle mounting which was the main reason I had the valve up in the first place. With the valve down it is right next to the bottom dump valve. There is the potential for the dump valve release chord to tangle with the IGS valve and its dust cap and tie and even hold the dump valve open. If found this cause confusion and problems today. I'd recommend removing the dust cap from the pony.
 
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