Diver Training, Has It Really Been Watered Down???

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Things do depend very, very much on the individual instructor. That was true from the very beginning, and it is true today. The mistake many people make is assuming that whatever happened in their individual class is representative of all classes in that time period. My niece was certified by a NAUI instructor after one 2-hour pool session and one OW dive to 10 feet. That does not represent NAUI instruction in any way at any time--that is just how one instructor operated.

Yes, there have been changes since the 1960s, but the mistake there is assuming that when scuba instruction began in the 1960s and people were trying to figure out how best to do it, they miraculously reached perfection on their first try, so therefore anything that has changed since then has made it worse. As for skills being removed, most of that happened in the first couple decades of experimentation. In a recent post, someone listed the PADI OW standards from roughly 30 years ago. The only skill missing in today's standards is buddy breathing, a dangerous practice that was replaced by the alternate regulator technique (which was not taught then). In many (not all) classes, computers are taught rather than than tables. Nothing else was removed. In contrast, I can list more than 15 skills that have been added to the course since then.

Lectures take many times as long as alternative instructional techniques, and the students learn less. Yet for some reason people cling to the notion that they are indicative of superior instruction, and when asked to give a rationale, their reply is that it takes that much longer, the students must be learning more.

For a number of years, my job was teaching instructional technique to teachers. It was very frustrating. Despite all the research (and my own experience) showing how inefficient lectures were for teaching concepts, high school teachers clung to that methodology, refusing to switch to "some new fad." I remember an English teacher coming into the office where I worked, sitting down in wonder, and announcing that by changing instructional technique, in one class period she had effectively taught a concept that usually took her two weeks. Despite hearing her say that, no one else in the department who heard her was willing to give it a try.

One reason that some material taught in the 1960s is no longer in the course is interference theory. Put very simply for this context, the effort needed to learn stuff you don't really need to know interferes with your ability to learn what you do need to know. Dalton's Law was mentioned a few posts ago as being a standard part of OW instruction in the past. I will be teaching an advanced gas blending class tomorrow, and Dalton's Law will be part of it. I am hard pressed to understand, though, how a new OW diver benefits from knowing Dalton's Law. How will that knowledge affect basic OW diving? What will happen if it is taught in an OW class is that the effort the students put forth in learning it will interfere with their ability to learn the important things that really will impact their diving.
 
Basic understanding of nitrox mixes?
That would make it part of a nitrox course, but even then, does anyone need to know Dalton's law to use Nitrox?
 
I was certified in 1981. I think I had a weekly class in the evening, about two hours of classroom study and then an hour of pool work. It seemed that this was about 6 weeks and then I had to make three trips down to Monterey from Marin County for my OW portion. I was AMAZED a few years later to find that siblings and friends were getting certified in two days at resorts.

I didn’t re-take the course when I resumed diving after a 20 year hiatus so I can’t truthfully compare today’s training against that of the past but the requirements for the “refresher” class/test seemed awfully thin (it was done in about two hours).

That said, I have seen a lot of inexperienced divers who really seem unfamiliar with the equipment and not at all knowledgeable about basic terminology and theory. It may just be that with a wider audience, there are more dumb people diving.
 
So right there is evidence of watering down. What's a OW course cost $300.- $400.00? Why so cheap? Most everything today is more expensive than it was in 1968 so why the price difference?

non se·qui·tur
ˌnän ˈsekwədər/
noun
  1. a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement.

I'm not sure the cost proves anything. I know instructors who take a loss on training and didn't even realize they are paying people for the opportunity to teach them until I explained it to them.

Maybe that is proof that instructors don't know how to run a business like they used to back in 1968.

Maybe it proves dive shops were convinced offering training as a loss leader and making profit on gear sales was a good marketing plan that would survive the internet age.
 
Lectures take many times as long as alternative instructional techniques, and the students learn less. Yet for some reason people cling to the notion that they are indicative of superior instruction, and when asked to give a rationale, their reply is that it takes that much longer, the students must be learning more.

For a number of years, my job was teaching instructional technique to teachers. It was very frustrating. Despite all the research (and my own experience) showing how inefficient lectures were for teaching concepts, high school teachers clung to that methodology, refusing to switch to "some new fad." I remember an English teacher coming into the office where I worked, sitting down in wonder, and announcing that by changing instructional technique, in one class period she had effectively taught a concept that usually took her two weeks. Despite hearing her say that, no one else in the department who heard her was willing to give it a try.

One reason that some material taught in the 1960s is no longer in the course is interference theory. Put very simply for this context, the effort needed to learn stuff you don't really need to know interferes with your ability to learn what you do need to know. Dalton's Law was mentioned a few posts ago as being a standard part of OW instruction in the past. I will be teaching an advanced gas blending class tomorrow, and Dalton's Law will be part of it. I am hard pressed to understand, though, how a new OW diver benefits from knowing Dalton's Law. How will that knowledge affect basic OW diving? What will happen if it is taught in an OW class is that the effort the students put forth in learning it will interfere with their ability to learn the important things that really will impact their diving.

John,

We may butt heads on occasion, but this comment (and others like it in the past) is gold. I'm no teaching expert, so I look for the best, fastest way for my students to learn. I think I do pretty well in the skills department (though I'm always looking for better ways to teach). But the theory .... that's where I leave it as much as possible to the experts at the agencies under whom I teach/have taught. As a result, I've basically obliterated all the slides I used initially, allowing students to learn from the online materials instead. And guess what? Less classroom time, they understand the material even better. They don't get bored with seeing things over again (I did go overboard in one open water course).

I think they need to understand the reason why they do things in the open water. I think Boyle's law is important for the sake of their lungs and also to understand how it affects their ability to control their depth, and how overweighting exacerbates the changes in buoyancy whenever their depth changes. I'm still tweaking how I teach academics, but my goal is to minimize lecture time. I try to focus on equipment familiarity and dry runs of skills, to breakup any boredom and to develop muscle memory for skills early (seems to work well).

One area I think is lacking in open water is dive planning and this applies to all dive agencies for which I am teaching or have taught in the past. While I understand the agencies leave this mostly up to the instructor, I think some guidelines should be provided. However, if I see a problem, I try to address it myself. I'm about to publish a dive planning document focused on the Puget Sound (as that is where I teach), but the idea is for anyone to use it, instructors included, but write addendums for their particular area.
 
I think Boyle's law is important for the sake of their lungs and also to understand how it affects their ability to control their depth, and how overweighting exacerbates the changes in buoyancy whenever their depth changes.
This is an example of what I am talking about. The classes I have taught since I was an instructor have taught this as a standard and critical part of the course. It has always been part of the final exam. They learn that going down one atmosphere of pressure doubles density and halves volume. They learn the effects of 3, 4, and 5 atmospheres.

A friend of ours, Peter Rothschild, published an article in the APDI professional journal about it. He said that if a student asks any question related to scuba, your answer will begin with one of two phrases: 1) "It depends" of 2) "Knowledge Review One, question 5." (That was the study question that dealt with this then; the number has changed with the new materials.) His point was that student understanding of that concept was the single most important aspect of OW instruction because so many different concepts depend upon it.

But here is the interference theory part: students learn the concept, but they don't learn the name. The phrase "Boyle's law" is not used, because it isn't needed. More importantly, in just a few short sentences, you can use that information to explain how different gases enter and leave the body during the dive and during ascent. They can see the relationship, and they have no idea they just learned all they need to know about Dalton's Law and Henry's Law, too.
 
But here is the interference theory part: students learn the concept, but they don't learn the name. The phrase "Boyle's law" is not used, because it isn't needed. More importantly, in just a few short sentences, you can use that information to explain how different gases enter and leave the body during the dive and during ascent. They can see the relationship, and they have no idea they just learned all they need to know about Dalton's Law and Henry's Law, too.

Excellent point, but I like to use the acronym for Boyle's that I learned from Pete: Breathe Or Your Lungs Explode, Stupid!

But other than that, I'll drop the name. I can see how it isn't needed, though I think the humor may help.
 
A friend of ours, Peter Rothschild, published an article in the APDI professional journal about it. He said that if a student asks any question related to scuba, your answer will begin with one of two phrases: 1) "It depends" of 2) "Knowledge Review One, question 5." (That was the study question that dealt with this then; the number has changed with the new materials.) His point was that student understanding of that concept was the single most important aspect of OW instruction because so many different concepts depend upon it.

I need to make it a point to ask Peter if I can assist in his ow classes, as he is a wealth of information and is extremely practical. Though he is a bit far, I should do this at least once.
 

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