I'm still curious as to how instructors think they should be teaching CESAs, as they are the ones at risk. While my jury is still out, I'm leaning towards that CESAs need to be taught in some way. People need to remember that there are other options besides fully vertical and fully horizontal: 45 degrees to the surface for example. As I said before, doing so in the pool isn't perfect, but even in a course with max ratios, doable in confined water.